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Anderson Foundation formed the Texas Medical Center. They provide patient and preventive care, research, education, and local, national, and international community well-being. [197] Twenty-five foreign banks representing 13 nations operate in Houston, providing financial assistance to the international community. Houston Forward Times is one of the largest black-owned newspapers in the metropolitan area and owned by Forward Times Publishing Company. [34], Houston is home to one of the largest LGBT communities and pride parades in the United States. [293], The primary network-affiliated television stations are KPRC-TV channel 2 (NBC), KHOU channel 11 (CBS), KTRK-TV channel 13 (ABC), KTXH channel 20 (MyNetworkTV), KRIV channel 26 (Fox), KIAH channel 39 (The CW), KXLN-DT channel 45 (Univision), KTMD-TV channel 47 (Telemundo), KPXB-TV channel 49 (Ion Television), KYAZ channel 51 (MeTV) and KFTH-DT channel 67 (UniMs). Hurricane Harvey damaged hundreds of thousands of homes and dumped trillions of gallons of water into the city. 5,204. The city is crossed by three Interstate highways, Interstate 10, Interstate 45, and Interstate 69 (commonly known as U.S. Route 59), as well as a number of other United States routes and state highways. In 1948, the city annexed several unincorporated areas, more than doubling its size. 1830s. [241] The city also has over 200 additional green spacestotaling over 19,600 acres (79km2) that are managed by the cityincluding the Houston Arboretum and Nature Center. It is the only MLB team to have won pennants in both modern leagues. Located in Southeast Texas near Galveston Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, it is the [47] In June 2001, Tropical Storm Allison dumped up to 40 inches (1,000mm) of rain on parts of Houston, causing what was then the worst flooding in the city's history and billions of dollars in damage, and killed 20 people in Texas. President Roosevelt had established a policy of nondiscrimination for defense contractors, and blacks gained some opportunities, especially in shipbuilding, although not without resistance from whites and increasing social tensions that erupted into occasional violence. [24] Railroad spurs from the Texas inland converged in Houston, where they met rail lines to the ports of Galveston and Beaumont. Houston's current Chinatown and the Mahatma Gandhi District are two major ethnic enclaves, reflecting Houston's multicultural makeup. Houston hosts the annual Houston College Classic baseball tournament every February, and the Texas Kickoff and Bowl in September and December, respectively.[252]. Ultimately, the system is designed to ferry traffic from neighborhood streets to major thoroughfares, which connect into the limited-access highway system. WebThe Houston Herald is the award-winning newspaper for Houston, Mo., and Texas County. [122] At the 2014-2018 census estimates, Houston's age distribution was 486,083 under 15; 147,710 aged 15 to 19; 603,586 aged 20 to 34; 726,877 aged 35 to 59; and 357,834 aged 60 and older. "[22], The Allen brothers ran their first advertisement for Houston just four days later in the Telegraph and Texas Register, naming the notional town in honor of President Sam Houston. [10] After briefly serving as the capital of the Texas Republic in the late 1830s, Houston grew steadily into a regional trading center for the remainder of the 19th century.[11]. [108] Ground-level ozone, or smog, is Houston's predominant air pollution problem, with the American Lung Association rating the metropolitan area's ozone level twelfth on the "Most Polluted Cities by Ozone" in 2017, after major cities such as Los Angeles, Phoenix, New York City, and Denver. [26], In 1840, the community established a chamber of commerce, in part to promote shipping and navigation at the newly created port on Buffalo Bayou. George Bush Intercontinental Airport (IAH), 23 miles (37km) north of Downtown Houston between Interstates 45 and 69, is the eighth busiest commercial airport in the United States (by total passengers and aircraft movements) and forty-third busiest globally. [86][87][88] Since 2000 over 30 skyscrapers have been developed in Houston; all told, 72 high-rises tower over the city, which adds up to about 8,300 units. The city of Houston was founded by land investors on August 30, 1836,[8] at the confluence of Buffalo Bayou and White Oak Bayou (a point now known as Allen's Landing) and incorporated as a city on June 5, 1837. [239] A proposal has been made to open the city's first botanic garden at Herman Brown Park.[240]. WebHouston hums with an energy and independent spirit all its own. WebThe Houston Herald is the award-winning newspaper for Houston, Mo., and Texas County. HTV Houston TV. [324] The Uptown Line, which runs along Post Oak Boulevard in Uptown,[325] was under construction as a bus rapid transit linethe city's firstwhile the University Line has been postponed indefinitely. Thousands of enslaved black people lived near the city before the American Civil War. [205][206], In 2013, Houston was identified as the number one U.S. city for job creation by the U.S. Bureau of Statistics after it was not only the first major city to regain all the jobs lost in the preceding economic downturn, but also after the crash, more than two jobs were added for every one lost. [244] The Houston Texans are a National Football League expansion team formed in 2002. The city controller is elected independently of the mayor and council. [246], Minute Maid Park (home of the Astros) and ToyotaCenter (home of the Rockets), are in Downtown Houston. In January, the normal mean temperature at George Bush Intercontinental Airport is 53F (12C), with an average of 13 days per year with a low at or below 32F (0C), occurring on average between December 3 and February 20, allowing for a growing season of 286 days. Some of the academic and research health institutions at the center include MD Anderson Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Texas Children's Hospital, and University of Houston College of Pharmacy. [142], In 2019, according to the U.S. Census Bureau, non-Hispanic whites made up 23.3% of the population of Houston proper, Hispanics and Latino Americans 45.8%, Blacks or African Americans 22.4%, and Asian Americans 6.5%. Crime Report Table 4 ". [10][38] In 1950, the availability of air conditioning provided impetus for many companies to relocate to Houston, where wages were lower than those in the North; this resulted in an economic boom and produced a key shift in the city's economy toward the energy sector.[39][40]. Uptown became one of the most prominent instances of an edge city. KUHT channel 8 (Houston Public Media) is a PBS member station and is the first public television station in the United States. The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016. 1840s. [9][10] The city is named after former General Sam Houston, who was president of the Republic of Texas and had won Texas's independence from Mexico at the Battle of San Jacinto 25 miles (40km) east of Allen's Landing. WebHoustons newest nightclub is energizing a block of Saint Emanuel St. in the EaDo neighborhood as creators transform a 26,000 square foot warehouse into an energetic Vegas-style experience. In 2001, Enron Corporation, a Houston company with $100 billion in revenue, became engulfed in an accounting scandal which bankrupted the company in 2001. Earl R. Verbeek, Karl W. Ratzlaff, Uel S. Clanton. Speciality Museums Science Museums. WebGet the latest news on Houston, Texas, the United States and the world from the Houston Chronicle on HoustonChronicle.com. [111] Excessive man-made emissions in the Houston area led to a persistent increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide over the city. [194], In 2006, the Houston metropolitan area ranked first in Texas and third in the U.S. within the category of "Best Places for Business and Careers" by Forbes magazine. Take a stroll through the historic Heights, spend the day exploring the Museum District or The city has hosted several major professional and college sporting events, including the annual Houston Open golf tournament. Several private institutions of higher learning are within the city. ][332] In 2015, Downtown Houston added a cycle track on Lamar Street, running from Sam Houston Park to Discovery Green. the highest and lowest temperature readings during an entire month or year) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020. METRO's service area covers 1,303 square miles (3,370km2) containing a population of 3.6 million. Stele to Sayers, September 1112, 1900, "Marvin Hurley, 19101920, Houston History", "Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990", "Texas Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990", "Ellington Field: A Short History, 19171963", Houston, Texas Population History 1900 - 2019, "How Houston's 'Wild West' growth may have contributed to devastating flooding", "Recovery Beginning in Areas Affected by Hurricane Rita", 8th Congressional District of Texas 2007 Appropriations Project Requests, "Texas flood disaster: Harvey has unloaded 9 trillion gallons of water", "Hurricane Harvey was year's costliest U.S. disaster at $125 billion in damages", "Harvey certain to be one of the most expensive natural disasters ever", "Distance from Houston, TX, USA to Walter Umphrey State Park, Martin Luther King Junior Drive, Port Arthur, TX, USA", "Football power in Texas has shifted to Houston", Houston (city) QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau, "The trouble with living in a swamp: Houston floods explained", Flood Forecasting for the Buffalo Bayou Using CRWR-PrePro and HEC-HMS, "Houston-Galveston, Texas Managing Coastal Subsidence", "Mapping Active Faults in the Houston Area using LIDAR Data, #50034 (2006)", Faults in Parts of North-Central and Western Houston Metropolitan Area, Texas, Principal Faults in the Houston, Texas, Metropolitan Area, "A System of Government Where Business Ruled", "Harris County Budget Management: Population Study", "FOCUS: Houston; A Fresh Approach To Zoning", "The Healthiest Housing Markets for 2009 Local Markets, Construction, Home Prices", "2019 Was A Record Year for Houston's Housing Market", "How many skylines do you think Houston has? [10][64] The city owns surface water rights for 1.20billion US gallons (4.5Gl) of water a day in addition to 150million US gallons (570Ml) a day of groundwater. A 2011 study by Walk Score ranked Houston the 23rd most walkable of the 50 largest cities in the United States. The city's fiscal year begins on July 1 and ends on June 30. [321] Notable arterial roads in the region include Westheimer Road, Memorial Drive, Texas State Highway 6, Farm to Market Road 1960, Bellaire Boulevard, and Telephone Road. Houston is considered to be a politically divided city whose balance of power often sways between Republicans and Democrats. [346] Houston's aviation history is showcased in the 1940 Air Terminal Museum in the old terminal building on the west side of the airport. HOUSTON, Texas (KTRK) -- Four people were injured in a drive-by shooting outside of a convenience store in northeast Houston Tuesday evening. It is the tallest structure in Texas, 19th tallest building in the United States, and was previously 85th-tallest skyscraper in the world, based on highest architectural feature. A succession of skyscrapers was built throughout the 1970smany by real estate developer Gerald D. Hinesculminating with Houston's tallest skyscraper, the 75-floor, 1,002-foot (305m)-tall JPMorgan Chase Tower (formerly the Texas Commerce Tower), completed in 1982. Beneath the layers of sediment is a water-deposited layer of halite, a rock salt. Houston's expansive Museum District is by far the city's greatest cultural asset. [342] The Houston Air Route Traffic Control Center is at Bush Intercontinental. [188] Houston is the beginning or end point of numerous oil, gas, and products pipelines. In the 2000s, the Baylor College of Medicine was annually considered within the top ten medical schools in the nation; likewise, the MD Anderson Cancer Center had been consistently ranked as one of the top two U.S. hospitals specializing in cancer care by U.S. News & World Report since 1990. Suburban northern and western parts of the metropolitan area are served by various campuses of the Lone Star College System, while the southeastern portion of Houston is served by San Jacinto College, and a northeastern portion is served by Lee College. Religious Data, Demographics and Statistics", "Temples of the gods: Houston's religious diversity reflects community", "Major U.S. metropolitan areas differ in their religious profiles", "Megachurches getting bigger; Lakewood quadruples in size since 2000", "Archdiocese of Galveston-Houston statistics", "New converts flocking to ancient church in Houston", "Orthodox Christians part of diverse fabric of Houston faith", "Parishes - Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America", "Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese", "Coptic pope in Houston on first U.S. visit", "Ethiopian believers find strength in Orthodox church", "Sri Meenakshi Temple, Pearland The 40-year History", "Alternative Energy in the Houston Region", "Houston Ranks No. Television station in the United States connect into the limited-access highway system financial assistance the... Of power often sways between Republicans and Democrats containing a population of 3.6 million Texans are a Football. 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